Web Development
Frameworks, patterns, and practical notes for building and shipping web applications.
Articles
- Flask Framework — basic setup, project structure, CLI commands, and packaging a Flask app as a desktop application.
- FastAPI Event Loop — where sync and async routes actually run, and how to deal with background tasks.
- TypeScript Fundamentals — typing properly: interfaces, generics, narrowing, and utility types.
- REST vs. GraphQL — resource/verb design vs. a single-endpoint query language, over-/under-fetching, and GraphQL's own N+1 problem.
- API Lifecycle & Design — design-first vs. code-first, versioning strategies, deprecation policy, and governance as an API surface grows.
- WebSockets — the HTTP upgrade handshake, full-duplex connections, SSE/polling alternatives, and the pub/sub fan-out problem when scaling across server instances.
- OAuth2 & JWT Authentication — grant types, OIDC, JWT structure and signature verification, and access/refresh token handling.
- Pydantic Advanced: Validators, Aliases & Settings
— custom validators, field aliasing, computed fields, and settings
management with
pydantic-settings. - API Pitfalls: Over-, Under-Fetching & N+1 — the N+1 query problem and fixes for over-/under-fetching in REST APIs.
- API Optimization & Resilience — cold starts, exponential backoff with jitter, circuit breakers, and idempotency keys at the API-client level.
Contributing
Building something with a new framework or pattern worth documenting? Add it here as its own file. See Contributing for the how-to.